Automatic circuit-breaker.



W. H. LAWRENCE & P. TORGHIOE.

AUTOMATIC CIRCUIT BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED F1139, 1909 Patented NOV. 23, 1909.

IN VENTO/7e3 ag; g.

\VILLIAWI esteem,

Application f all whom. it may Ci'1ib68/"72J it kUQWJi that We, V himizixrm 1 citizen of the tlui iiiur ibimunf it euhjert etltzii beth resides is (it Flew I county ()t' Blew l'erh 11ml Stet have invented certain new proveiuents iii Autuauzi at which the feiie'ving 3.3 This invention relate J autoimitie eperzitien of g alternating current ge, pauiiiel. when gi'ouy 2i generator units are (meupon :1 eeu'iiiien set iii? bus units develops in the nuiehiiie itsei: er th ie: itto the bus t i 7 short eireu formed he ween tvo points norm); terenee of full geierater p tentizii, such conditions the eurreii lute circuit is furnished both from the generator itself and t'rni the by the renuiiniiig units 011 the $211116 buses. '2"

current is eniy limitec the leads and \i'iuding For the first instants 01 the impedanee of the Wine erziters is. i y (many times synehroiums ILRPOtiRDCQ th rents in the. iron 01 the n'izi 'h turd the iiiaigiietimtieu oi the sequentlyreturci th ehukiiizg counter eleetreirietive to set up by the l1i -"\0i;i(; to the overload current.

can supply into a short eir 40 tithes its full rated current i two later when the niagiie has had time to come il'ltt) l amount of current 'sveuici be r eueed 3 times full load. This feature has n t present time made diiiieuit er in the operation of automatic eireui under the conditions of gerailei 0 different generators the diiiieii being that the first rush the generators would. ti'i relays, thereby shutting For this reason the tions in this country are no generators in multiple W circuit breakers, reiyin trip by hand the eircui.

net ziuee reduce the maximmn current output from a sound 'cnerator into a snort circuit. on the l i or distributing feeders to an amount depend nt upon the characteristics of the grin-rater but in any case always considerahly 1/ than the times full load curi nt wnurh is the amount that the reacianeo on the leads alone would carry under full voltage short circuit. In practice this amount will he ess than times full load current. This dihcrenciii between the maximum n lo i of current that can. he sent fro rs into a short circuited generator 1 nun amount of current that the inn; lmrs a we a margin for 7 r i f' the operaied not to at art can lion in a sound a .or circuit but to operate on any or "r emeeding this limit. in the iral instances cited the relay would .IJ'JI'MG at any load under ten times load 1 of the generator but would operate at any i ad above 10 times up to times rated l ad is cu rent la the value eorrr t on rug in the ort circuit current ot-the react re alone under full thus; d ihed our invention, the

as loll 3 normal congcncrators .i A A, i'L 'Wlll deranrent thro "u the l-Qi ds l3 B ll, to the we C in, the [low ol energy cur. int being all in the direction of generaor to bus liars C {J- and from l)US lPflIS to cul ning feeders if in, if, hi. K When a phase short circuit develops on the windings or i of a enerator 13 at the point ina R al. (2} the flow of energy current or gencraioie l A great ly incremad n ioh'uuc confine to llow to the bus bars if an indirahal by the arrows; from the bus )i1l' l a portion of this; current will conlinuc to haul the load oi the outgoing teedll ii -turd the halancc due to oiunu: will flow from the hus ope atio dn on int liver tllUll. ll

it the ll;- tinics lu'il current outwill no the ma ti sum of this short circuitload plus the load on the outgoing feeders. If the latter is the full rated output of the four generators A. A A A then the maximum output of the three generators A A A at the instant generator A is short circuitecl.w"ill be 19 times full load of one generator or 6}. full load on each generator A A A The '15 times full load current which passes through the reactance D into the short circuit will operate the relay F which will trip the circuit breaker A. thereby clearing the system. The overloads of (3?; times full load on the generators A A. A would not be sufficient to operate the relays F F F as these are to operate only at above 10 times full load current, which is the selective feature of the invention.

What has been said of generators also an plies toalternating transformers operated in multiple.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination with a multiplicity of alternating current generators operating in parallel and equipped with an external reactance coil on each generator lead, an overload relay on eacli lead calibrated to operate at a current in excess of the maximum instantaneous short circuit current of each generator and its external reactance coil in series. v

2. In combination with a multiplicity of alternating current generators operating in parallel and equipped with an external reactance coil on each generator-lead, an overload relay on each lead calibrated to operate at av current in excess of the maximum.instantancous short circuit current of each generator and its external reactance coil in se ries and arranged to control automatically a circuit breaker.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this fifth day of February A. D. 1909.

WILLIAM HENRY LAlVRENCE. PlllLll" TORCHIO. Witnesses:

H. W. Know, A. R. TnoiarsoN. 

